The course focuses on Central Europe's economic and social history from the 19th century to the present. Emphasis will be placed particularly on modernization (as well as anti-modernization) processes. The comparative approach will be based on the Bohemian and German countries, which have been the most developed for many decades, against which the others will be compared. Introductory lesson ? methodology; chronology, geographical and thematic definition of the topic Removing the remnants of the feudal system in Central Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries The First Industrial Revolution in Central Europe The Second Industrial Revolution, the "First Globalization" (until 1914), and its specifics in Central Europe The economic and social context of the First World War and the "golden" 1920s in Central Europe The Great Economic Depression of the 1930s and the Second World War in Central Europe Post-war reconstruction and the "golden 30 years? in the context of the Cold War in Central Europe The theory and practice of the functioning of the Nazi and the communist centrally planned economy in Central Europe The Third Industrial Revolution in communist and capitalist Central Europe Economic integrations in communist and capitalist Central Europe The collapse of communist regimes and the economic transformation of Central European economies to the capitalist model Central Europe, the ("second") globalization and Industry 4.0 Final conclusions ? Central Europe in global economic and social history